Apparatus for composing and casting type.



'n.1'. s. GILBET-smmsa- 8L-P.. w. mwl. -APPARATUS FOR CMPOSING AN-D CASTING TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3l. 191 l. A

Patented June 20, 1916.

' 's SHEETS-suini THB COLUMBIA PLANDnRAPH C0., wASHlNuToN, D. C.

H. l. S. GILBERT-SIRINGEIIIIL` P. W. DRUITT.

APPARATUS Ton comPoslNe AND CASTING TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.3I, 19H.

1,188,265. l I Patenteuunezo, 1916.

l I SSHEETS-SHEET 2.

f@ .../iii@ H.1J. S. GILBERT-STRINGERv 6L P. W. DRUITT.

APPARATUS FOR COMPOSING AND CASTING TYPE. APPLICATION {III-:D AuG.3I.'I9I'I.

Patented 11111920, 1916.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H. L S. GlLBRT-STRINGER & P. W. DRUITT.

APPARATUS FOR COMPOSING AND CASTING TYPE.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

H. l. S. GILBERT-STRINGER & P. W. DRUITT.

APPARATUS FORv COMPOSING AND CASTING TYPE.

APPLicATloN FILED Aua.3\. 1911.

1,188,265. Patented June 20,1916.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 5 'rx-1E ooLuMBM PLANUGRAPH co.. WASMINMON. n. c.

H. I. S. GILBERT-STRINGER @L P. W. DR-UITT.

APPARATUS FOR COMPOSING AND CASTING TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED AI1G3I| |911.

l Y. Patented .Tune 20,1916.

lf/////////////////////////// l' Q --L THB CDLUMBIA PLANOCHLAPH cp., WASHINGTON, D. c.

H. Jr. S. GILBERT-STRNGER & P. W. DRUITT. -APPARATUS FOR COMPGSING AND CASTING YFE.

.Y APPLlCATION FILED AUG31, 1911. l1,188,265. Y

n W5 n l I G- Y mi u ZUZZne/ .5e 6 I W if je@ www? THE coLunmxA PLANOURAYH co., wAsHmn-row, D. C.

Patented J une 20, l1916.

H. J. S. GILBERT-STRINGER & I. W. DRUIT-T.

YPE.

APPARATU 9 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

H. 1. S. GILBERT-STRINGER & P. W. DRUITT.

APPARATUS FTIR coIvIPosIIIIG AND CASTING TYPE. A.. APPLICATION FILED AUG 31 I'QII I 1,188,265. Patented Junezo, 1916. 9 SHEETS-snm 9. I 722 'r Jzc'z HENRY JAMES SYDNEY GILBERT-STRINGER, OF COUNTY 0F SUSSFX, AND PERCY WALTER DRUITT, 0Fl COUNTY OF SURREY, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS, IBY-IMIESNEV ASSIGNMENTS, TO EDWARD HERON ALLEN AND ARTHUR FRANKvDE FON- IBLANQUE, BOTH OFLONDON, ENGLAND. 1 i y l APPARATUS FOR COMPOSING AND CASTING ,'TYPE.

To all whom z5 may concern.' y Y Be it knownthat we, l-IENRY JAMES SYD- any GiLEn'r-STRINGER and PERCY WALTER lnUrr'r, both subjects of the King of Great Britain, residing, respectively, inthe county of Sussex, England, and the county of Surrey, England, h ave jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Composing and Casting Type, of which the following is a specification. f

rlhis invention relates to machines for composing and casting type of the general Character of the machines described in United States Letters Patent Nos. 675827, 675828 and 675829, all. of 1901, and in application for U. S. patent Serial No. 543506 filed 12th February 1910.

lVhile the primary object of the present invention is to simplify the construction of such apparatus, the improved apparatus differs so radically from .previous machines in certain important features as practically to constitute a new type of machine. Thus for exa1nple,according to the present invention theuse of expanding space matrices is.: entirely dispensed with in the justification of lthe line of matrices.

The invention comprises other new or'improved devices and methods of operating in connection with the assembling and justifying of the matrices and their presentation .to the mold and subsequent distribution which separately and conjointly contribute to the simplification and increasedeliiciency of apparatus of this character.

We believe ourselves to be the first to combine together and employ in .an apparatus 'which casts and composes lines of justified individual types ready for inclusion in a form for printing, mechanism for selecting from magazines in which they are stored matrices from which character and space types.aresubsequently to be cast, means for assembling them in line, means for ascertaining' the set -width of such line as compared with the set widthof the desired compo-sition, means for dividing the difference between the said set widths by the number of spaces, and so controllingfthe mold that when such space matrices are presented to the mold the space cast will coincide with such predetermined thickness irrespective of the set thickness of such mat- Speci'cation of Letters Patent.. VPatented June 20, .1916. Application filed August 31, 1911. Serial JN0, 647,059. I

rices, such controlling.- mechanism being inoperative when .a character matrix is .pre-

sented to the mold, and we kclaim this broadly and in alll its :equivalent forms.

The variousvparts ofthe machine constituting the present invention will be hereinafter described Aas lfar as possible inthe proper Vsequence of. the various operations effected bythe machine in which the matrices are concerned 'from the moment the matrices leave vthe magazine until they are returned thereto, .it being premisedthat the particular .mechanical devices hereinafter described-for effecting or controlling these operations are capable of modiiication without exceeding .the scope of the invention, the characteristic feature of which isthe method of effecting justification without the use o-f expanding space matrices. ,y

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a front elevation ofithe complete machine; Fig. 2 an end elevation looking at the end opposite tothe magazine;V Fig. 3 is a part front view;.Fig, 4 is a part plan view; Fig. 5 a perspective view showing the justifying mechanism;V Fig. 6 a transverse sectional Lelevation showing the .separation mechanism; Fig. 7 a transverse sectional elevation on a different plan showing the Y mechanism [for looking the mold wedge; Fig. -8 a sectional elevation taken transversely to Fig. 7; Fig. 9 a transverse sectional elevation showingethe mechanism for actuating the fulcrum block hereinafter described; Fig.l 10 a perspective viewof the presentation plunger; Fig. .11 a front View o-f the last but with the parts in a different position; Fig. 12 a perspective view showing the assembly line abutment; Fig. 13 aV perspective View ofa device whereby matrices vare prevented from entering the assembly box prematurely; Fig. 14 an end elevation of same mechanism; Fig. 15 a ksectional view showing the device by which the'stop drum is returned to its zero position.

The line of' matrices delivered to the assembly box a from the magazine o is engaged by an abutment a which is slidably mounted on a rail .a0 forming part ofthe assembly bOX and which remains in engagement with the line of. matrices on the forwardtravel of the `assembly boX and until the matrices are shifted ylaterally to thejustifying position and partially embraced by the justifying vise c; the rearward movement of the assembly box disengages the abutment c from the matrices, the abutment being returned to its initial position by means of a weight or spring acting on the cord a2 during a momentary pause in the rearward movement of the assembly box, which is reciprocated between ,its forward and rearward positions (shown respectively in dotted and full lines in Fig. 4L) by means of a slide e* li) actuated in the usual way by a cam, not shown in the drawing. The lengthof-line ,indicating rod Z is so correlated with the line abutment a that itis moved in accordance with the movement of the abutment as the matrices are assembled and indicates by means of a pointer Z0 and scale Z3 the length of the line. As shown, two lugs CZ (Z2 on the rod embrace the line abutment 0, closely so as to be moved therewith, the rear lug Z2 being made to project outward farther than the other lug cZ. The forward movement of the assembly box disengages the abutment from the indicating rod, while uponthe rearward movement of the assembly box the line abutmenta first shifts the indicating rod during the momentary pause in the rearward movement of the assembly box to its stop or Zero position by engagementl with the long rear lug (Z2, and then assumes a relation therewith which insures the advancement of the indicating rod with that of the abutment by moving into a position in which ,it is embraced by both lugs (Z d2. |The final part of the rearward movement of the assembly box brings the abutment a within the two lugs Z, Z2 so as to be embraced thereby.

To insure the line of matrices being in the proper position to be embraced by the vise c when conveyed between the line abutment a and the line drive e to the justifying position, the vise c which is guided for vertical movement, is partly elevated so that its fixed jaw c arrests the travel of the linel drive e by engagement with a projection therefrom c. A vfurther slight elevation of the vise c enables it to embrace the line of matrices (Fig. 5), whereupon the line drive e is retracted and the elevation of the vise completed. The line abutment a moves simultaneously with the retraction of the line drive c, the adjustable jaw 02 of the vise being closed upon the matrices before the line abutment is withdrawn. The vise is carried by a vertically guided spring-urged slide g and is returned against the spring g by means of the main elevating slide ZL, a liange on slide ZL engaging slide g and depressingv it, thereby lowering the vise and at the same time compressing the spring g, the travel in both directions being determined by means of adjustable stops g2, g2. The main slide Zt is actuated by means of a cam z" driven from the main shaft z' through a lever h which is suitably spring-connected so as to permit the slide /t to be arrested on its downward stroke7 the excess movement of the cam z" being absorbed by the spring connection h2. The adjustable jaw c2 of the vise is closed upon the line of matrices by the elevation of a'spring-urged or friction driven justifying wedge c2 which engages a projection c4 on the vise shaft or spindle co carrying the adjustable jaw c2, the elevation of the wedge being arrested by the jaw closing upon the line of matrices. The extent to which the wedge c3 is raised thus depends upon the length of the assembled line of matrices, and this movement of the wedge is transferred through the medium of a rocking beam or lever j having an adjustableY fulcrum to spring-returned stop or lever 'lc which determines the correct vertical position of an upwardly spring-urged slidably mounted mold space wedge Z. The knife edge Z120 (Figs. 5 and 8) is integral with the slide Z2 of the wedge Z and engages the lever Zz', and the knife edge (Fig. is integral with the slide of wedge c3 and engages under the end of the beam j. The position of this wedge determines the size of the mold for the time and consequently the size of the space to be cast; the higher the mold 'space wedge the larger will be the size of the mold. The beam j is returned to its normal position after justification by means of rollers j j2 pressing downwardly and upwardly respectively on its opposite ends.

To provide for lines of different measure the sliding spindle c on which the adjustable jaw c2 of the vise is mounted is screw-threaded along its length and provided with locknuts c5, cG` one on either side of the adjustable jaw, a scale cT being provided to facilitate the setting of the jaw by means of the lock-nuts at the position on the spindle corresponding to any given measure.

llhe appropriate elevation of the mold space wedge Z having been determined, the wedge is locked in position by a plunger Z which is pushed against the wedge slide Z2 by a spring-urged lever Z3 adjustably mounted on the space wedge housing. As shown more particularly in Figs. 7 and S, the lever Z3 is adjustably clamped (being split and secured by screws) on the end of a screwed rod Z4 which works in a screw threaded sleeve Z5 integral with the frame or guide in which the slide Z2 moves, The rotation of the lever in one direction advances the screwed rod ZAL so as to clamp the slide Z2 by means of the plunger Z. The pressure on the slide is released piep:ua tory to re-setting for the next line by means of a lever In moved by a cam m mounted on the galley shaft m2. Provision is made for rotating the galley shaft m2 manually without releasing the mold space wedge Z llO as by constructing the boss of the cam as a slidable coupling connecting the' galley shaft with the driving shaft, or Vas shown in Fig. 7, by .means of a sliding feather m"l on the driving shaft m which in' one position couples the cam m on the shafts m`, mt, and in another position is withdrawn from the cooperating groove in shaft m2 so as to enable the latter to be rotated.

The rocking beam j above referred to is fulcrumed in a block ja slidably mounted on a bar j* parallel with the beam and the position of this block, and consequently the position of the mold space wedge Z, is determined by means Vof a series of stops n suitably spaced longitudinally and circumferentially on the periphery of a drum n which is mounted on a spindle n: suitably journaled in the frame. On one end of this spindle is an escapement wheel n3 having teeth 'equal in number to the stops, the rotation of which wheel is controlled by a pallet actuated through suitable linkage by the space key on the keyboard of the machine, the depression of which permits the spindle n2 to rotate through an angle corresponding' to one tooth. The fulcrum block is shifted to its operative position Vby means of a rack and pinion `7'5" actuated,

through shaft je and a yielding or frictional drive jl, by a cam 2 on the line shaft if. and is returned to its normal position by the operation of the pinion j in the reversed direction by means of a cam 3 on the line shaft, the cams 2, is operating cam levers it, to oscillate the quadrant i (Fig. 9) which engages a pinion on the shaft js, and the drum n is returned to its normal or zero position after j ustiiication by means of a rack es suitably housed in the vise and having its tail dovetailed to the top of the main elevating slide 71 whch rack causes the rotation of a pinion n mounted coaXially with the drum but free to rotate independently thereof, a spring-urged pawl 'nl mounted on the pinion eecting the rotation of the drum by engagement with a pin n3 projecting therefrom. This pawl is held out of engagement with the pin by a projection c on the vise during the operation of assembly so as to enable t'he drum n to rotate with each release of the escapement wheel m3, the downward movement of the rack 08 and consequent rotation of pinion n bringing the tail of pawl n? against the face of stop cg. The cam 2 is of such character that a torque is continuously exerted during the yperiod of justification between the friction disk f/'T and the pinion so that although the latter is prevented from rotating by engagement of one of the stops n with the cooperating abutment or linger jg on the fulcrum block jp', the resultant pressure between the linger js and the stop nwill prevent the linger being shaken olf the stop and the justification of the line being'thcredrive e to advance the line of matrices to the separation position. ln order that the mold space wedge Z should come into operation only on the presentation of a usti'lying space matrix fo to the mold, the housing Z6 of the vertical slide carrying the mold space wedge Z is mounted to slide transversely on the mold bracket Z7, thereby enabling the space wedge to be moved into or out' of the path of a projection ZS on the mold body blade Z9. The movement of the transverse slide ZG into its operative position in which the space wedge Z cooperates with the body blade Z9 of the mold, is effected by the at vance of a screw-'threaded spindle Z1" abutting against the housing ZG which rotated by means of a slidably mounted rack Zl1 meshing with a'pinion Z12 on the screwed spindle. "fhis rack is spring-urged in the direction for sliding the space Wedge into the operative position and its movement under the action of the spring Z13 iscontrolled by means of a pivoted detent Z14 cngaging a notch or toothZl5 on the'rack so as to hold the latter in the inoperative position until the detent is released, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, by engagement with the separation pusher lever 0 acting as a space feeler lever, consequent upon the additional stroke of the lever or pusher following the separation of a space matrix as described in British patent specification No. 9932 of 1907. j

The Yline drive carriage e2 which is urged forwardly by a Weight e0 and retracted positively by means 'of cam a" online shaft a' acting through spring-urged cam lever et, rod e, crank 64b, shaft c, friction clutch e3 and link ci, is provided with a projecting piece c adapted to engage a sleeve e6 slidably mounted on a spindle e7 and carrying at one end a block e8 whichV is normally spring-urged out of the path of the link 0 connecting the separation pusher o2 with its actuating cam lever 0. After separation of the last matrix, the further travel of the line drive carriage e2, under the action of its `driving weight, brings this projecting piece e5 into engagement with an inclined projection c6 on the sliding sleeve e thereby shifting it longitudinally so as to pro- Y ject the block es mounted on the sleeve into the path of the cooperating end of the drivand of the matrices and avoid undue wear on 'those parts of the matrices which determine the alinement of the line of matrices,

' the alining notch f2 of the matrix is not permitted to engage the cooperating edges of the alining piece p during the travel of the matrix to the mold, until upon coming .in contact with the mold, the matrix is raised to bring the lower side of the alining notch ,f2 into contact with the coperating edge of the alining piece p. This movement isy conveniently effected by means of a flexible arm Q (Figs. 10 and 11) of a bell crank mounted on a suitable fulcrum in the presentation plunger Q, which is elevated by means of a longitudinal plunger g2 slidably mounted in the presentation plunger and pressing, through a cushioning spring g3, on the other arm of the bell crank. r1`he opposite end of this longitudinal plunger g2 is provided with a projecting piece one face gf of which lies in a plane at right angles to the axis of the plunger, while the other face g5 is inclined to this axis. When vthe presentation plunger g travels forward toward the mold p, the inclined edge of a locking wedge Q6, guided for longitudinal movement and actuated through a suitable arrangement of levers not shown in the drawings from the line shaft, engages the inclined surface g5 of this projecting piece, thereby pressing the longitudinal plunger g2 toward `the mold Q) and, through the spring g3, elevating the toe QT of the bell crank which, protruding into the lower rail r of the two guide rails fr, r carried by the presentation plunger, engages the matrix and raises it vertically. Further movement of the longitudinal plunger g2 in the same direction under the effort of the locking wedge QG compresses the cushioning spring g3 and brings the face Q4 of the projecting piece on the plunger g2 into abutment with a cooperating surface@0 on the presentation plunger, thereby locking the latter on the face of the mold.

To reduce the wear on the matrices when being separated for presentation to the mold, the spring-urged plungers formerly provided which exert continuous pressure on the matrix, are replaced according to the present invention'by a single spring plunger s (Figs. el. and 11) which exerts pressure on'the matrix only during its travel to and from the mold. This plunger s is held out of engagement with the matrix, on the completion of the rearward travel of the presentation plunger g, by means of a lever g8 pivotally connected therewith coming into Contact with an adjustable stop f3 (llig. et) suitably mounted upon a lfixed part of the frame.

Sil'nple, that is to say non-expanding-jnstifyingl matrices /l are employed of a thick-- ness corresponding to the maximum justifying space produced and differing from the character matrices j" only by having an additional notch ff opposite the set notch f4 as described in patent specification No. 9932 of 1907, and by having no intaglios thereon. This simple form of justifying space, having no depending tapering blade with which seine space matrices, such as those described in the British Patent No. 1903 of 1900, are provided, and being of the same depth as the character matrices, enables the matrix separation guide rails r2, r3 which are a fixed continuation of the rails ro, r, to be carried across the ends of the matrix raceway" and thus to form a continuous channel for the separation of the matrices. The intermittent impulses imparted by the separation plunger 02 to the matrices in the raceway r2, r have been found to give rise to jamming the presentation plunger, e. g. by the matrices being prematurely jumped into or toward the re-assembly box t so that the succeeding matrices are not arrested at the proper position in the raceway, with the result that the presentation plunger may be forced against a matrix which has gone beyond the correct position for presentation to the mold and has entered the xed raceway r2, r3, thereby stopping the apparatus. To prevent the locking of the presentation plunger by reason of the matrix which ought to close the mold being displaced due to this or other cause, the re-assembly box z? is fitted with a gate or gates adapted to prevent entry of the leading matrix in the raceway r2, r3 into the rfc-assembly box until the gate or gates are displaced positively by the action of the plunger tu which operates to force the matrices in turn into the re-assembly box. ils shown more particularly in Figs. G, 13 and 1l, two gates are fitted, an upper bifurcated gate t the limbs of which normally project downwardly into the path of the two upper lugs of the matrix and which has an outwardly projecting piece t2 having an inclined surface 153 which coperates with a correspondingly inclined surface on an upwardly projecting part of the re-assembly plunger to, so that when the latter comes forward, it first lifts the gate t and then presses the leading matrix into the re-asseinbly box f. T he gate t is suitably guided and is returned to its normal position by means of a spring preferably in the form of the long ilat spring t* (Fig. 13) one end of 1which is fixed to the gate and the other to the re-assembly box. 1n addition to the upper gate t there is preferably a lower gate t5 which moves with the upper gate and is normally urged by the common returnA spring t into the path of one of the lower lugs of the matrix. The conveyance of the matrices from the jaws of the vise to the separation guide rails andthe operation of re-assembly plunger end of the elevator by which the matrices are raised to the distributer are all well known, being described in the United States specifications hereinbefore referred to, and form no part of the present invention. Both the character matrices and the justifying' matrices, after reassembly, are .elevated direct to the distributer u by which they are transferred in the usual manner to the magazine o, which may be provided with compartments to reccife the justifying space matrices yas well as the character matrices. Alternatively, as shown in Figs. l and 2, the justifying space matrices are delivered to a channel u which communicates with a separate space box or magazine 7)". In the latter case the justifying space matrices f, on leaving the distributer bar, fall into and are guided down the chute o the lower end of which is arranged at right angles to a pair of inclined rails a" mounted in the space box 22, down which they slide to the position from which they are afterward released in the usual manner as required.

Having thus described the nature of this invention and the best means we know of carrying the same into practical eHect, we claim l. An apparatus for casting from character and space matrices and composing lines of justified individual types for inclusion in a form for printing, which comprises in combination means for assembling character and space matrices in line, means for measuring the actual length of the line to ascertain its set width as compared with the set width of the desired composition,

means for dividing the diiference between the said widths by the number of spaces, a controllable mold for casting individual types from the matrices, means operating to control the mold whereby, when such space matrices are presented to the mold, the set thickness of the cast space will vary to the required amount from that of the space matrix, and means whereby said controlling mechanism is rendered inoperative when a character matrix is presented to the mold. y

2. In an apparatus for producing a justified line of individual types, a matrix assembly box adapted to be reciprocated forwardly and rearwardly, a line abutment slidably mounted on said assembly box and adapted to engage the line of matrices on the forward movement of the box and to be disengaged by the rearward movement of the box, substantially as described.

sembly box adapted to be reclprocated forwardly andV rearwardly, a line abutment lslidably mounted on said assembly box, a

length of line indicating rod, means coupling the said rod with the line abutment and adapted to disengage upon the forward movement of the assembly box, and means whereby upon the rearward movement thereof the line abutment shifts the rod to its initial position, substantially as described.

al. In an apparatus for producing a justified line of individual types, a reciprocating line drive adapted to bereciprocated for-` wardly and rearwardly and operating to convey the assembled line` of matrices to the justifying position, a ,justifying vise guided'for vertical movement, means for elevating the vise partly to arrest the travel of the line of matrices, means for further raising the vise to embrace the line of matrices, the elevation being completed upon retraction of the line drive, substantially as described.

5. In an apparatus for producing a justiied line of individual types, a justifying vise carried by a vertically guided springurged slide, and a main elevating slide actuated by a cam on the main shaft adapted to return the vise from its raised position, substantially as described. j

6. In an apparatus for producing a justified line of individual types, a justifying vise having a fixed and a movable jaw, aV yieldingly driven justifying wedge coperating with said movable jaw, means depending upon the length of thev assembled line of matrices determining the extent of movement of said wedge, a mold space wedge, a stop controlling the adjustment of said mold space wedge and means for setting the stop determined by the extent of movement of the justifying' wedge, substantially as described.

7. In an apparatus for producing a justilied line of individual types, a justifying wedge, a mold space wedge, a rocking beam having an adjustable fulcrum, means actuated by the rocking beam for setting the mold space wedge whereby the movement of the justifying wedge is arranged to control the adjustment of the mold space wedge, a rotatable drum, a series of stops spaced longitudinally and circumferentially on the periphery of the drum and means controlled by the space keyjon the key board ofthe machine whereby the drum can be set to determine by meansof the stops the position of the adjustable fulcrum ofthe rocking beam substantially as described. Y

8. In an apparatus for producing a justified line of individual types, a stop drum controlled by the space key on the keyboard of the machine, an escapement wheel upon said stop drum and a pallet cooperating with said escapement and actuated by means of the space key whereby the angle through which the drum can rotate is determined, substantially as described.

9. ln an apparatus for producing a justified line of individual types, a rocking beam having an adjustable fulcrum block, a rack Vand pinion adapted to shift said fulcrum f block, a cam on the line shaft'and a yielding drive actuated by the cam to operate said rack andpinion, substantially as described.

l0. ln an apparatus for producing a justiied line of individual types, a line drive carriage, a separation pusher, a spindle having a sleeve slidably mounted thereon and adapted to be engaged'by the line drive carriage, a block carried lby said sleeve, means normally urging said block out of engagement with the separation pusher, and

Copies of this patent may be obtained for messes means operating upon the travel of the line drive carriage after separation of the last matrix to project said block into position, preventing the actuating cam lever of the separation pusher completing its forward movement, substantially as described.

11. In an apparatus for producing a justified line of individual types,a re-.asseinbly box, a gate fitted upon said box adapted to I ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. C. 

